A fifth-wheel hitch is a crucial equipment to own if you plan on towing your trailer. However, installing one requires a little work and planning.
If you’re an experienced DIYer, you can save money by installing a fifth-wheel hitch. However, it’s best to let a professional handle this project.
Truck Compatibility
Your truck’s make and model will significantly impact what kind of fifth-wheel hitch is right for you. Typically, fifth wheel hitches sit above the central axle of the car, which is the most vital part. There are also different hitch models designed for short-bed and long-bed trucks, as well as sliding hitches that can improve the turning radius of your vehicle while reversing.
Whether you choose a puck system, rail system, or custom hitch assembly, your selected unit must be compatible with your truck and trailer. These hitches require professional installation due to their specialized construction and unique specifications. However, if you are confident in your abilities and have all the necessary tools, it is possible to install one yourself. Be sure to follow all directions carefully, as incorrect mounting can lead to safety and mechanical problems. Also, a periodic lubricant application must help keep the fifth wheel hitch moving smoothly.
Weight Capacity
Before you buy a fifth-wheel hitch, make sure it can handle the weight of your camper. Look at the manufacturer’s website or owner’s manual for this information. You can also find out by weighing smaller items in your truck bed with a home scale or an accurate vehicle scale.
The total weight of your truck and cargo should always be at its towing capacity at most because this can put unnecessary strain on the engine, transmission, and brakes. Moreover, driving an overloaded truck is stressful and dangerous.
When evaluating the weight capacity of a fifth-wheel hitch, you should consider the pin weight and your trailer’s GVWR. A typical pin weight is 20% of a trailer’s GVWR. Also, look at your truck’s door sticker or info placard for its payload rating. Deduct the weight of your trailer, gear, and other accessories from this number to get its pin weight.
Adjustability
There are many different fifth-wheel hitches on the market. They vary in their design, features, and towing capacity. It’s essential to choose a quality manufacturer that offers customer support. Often, this includes a phone number that can be answered by a human rather than an automated system or a voicemail that gets left unchecked for weeks.
There’s also the option to choose a sliding fifth-wheel hitch. This type allows the operator to slide the fifth wheel backward and forward, useful when hauling lighter or heavier loads. This helps the rig distribute its weight evenly and prevents it from becoming too front-heavy, increasing the strain on the truck.
Unlike gooseneck hitches, which sit in the bed of a truck and connect to a unique vertical coupler on gooseneck trailers, fifth-wheel hitches are much larger and look more like the hitch you see on a semi-truck. They use a plate to rest the trailer tongue on and jaws that grasp the trailer-tongue kingpin. They can be connected to a trailer by setting them up at the correct height, then backing the truck and trailer until the kingpin slots into the hitch.
Installation
Unlike the bumper pull hitches attached to the bottom of your truck’s open bed, fifth wheel hitches sit on top of rail kits that bolt to your truck frame. Once installed, these rails provide a strong anchor point that allows you to secure your trailer and haul more weight without putting undue stress on your truck.
Like the hitches on semi trucks, these units have a plate for the trailer tongue kingpin to rest on and jaws designed to hold it securely. The kingpin slots into the center of the hitch head, establishing a solid pivot point that makes maneuvering and making turns easy.
Most fifth-wheel hitches can be removed from the truck when not in use. This leaves your truck’s bed free for towing other loads and storing gear. Before installing or removing the hitch, consult your truck owner’s manual for specific instructions.